Here is the complete pdf lecture of Pharmacology by Dr. Tahir Malik Introduction Pharmacology is the science of drugs and their effects on the human body. It encompasses the study of drug interactions, mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and side effects. 1. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Pharmacology The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary bodily functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. It is divided into two main branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Drugs that act on the ANS can either stimulate or inhibit these systems, leading to various physiological effects. Cholinergic Agonists and Antagonists Cholinergic agonists mimic the action of acetylcholine (ACh), a neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic nervous system. Examples include pilocarpine (used for glaucoma) and neostigmine (used for myasthenia gravis). Cholinergic antagonists ,...
